Networking

Computer networking means the interconnection of two or more computers.
Advantages of Networking

1. Data Sharing
2. Software Sharing
3. Hardware Sharing
4. Data Security. etc.

Types of Networking
                    According to the geometrical (Physical) arrangements, computer networking is mainly divided into 4. they are

• Local area network (LAN), which is usually a small network constrained to a small geographic area. An example of a LAN would be a computer network within a building.
• Metropolitan area network (MAN), which is used for medium size area. examples for a city or a state.
• Wide area network (WAN) that is usually a larger network that covers a large geographic area.
• Wireless LANs and WANs (WLAN & WWAN) are the wireless equivalent of the LAN and WAN.

Minimum requirements for a networking

• Minimum two computers.
• Network suppoting Operating Systems.
•  NIC ( Network Interface Card) :- It is also known as Lan card or network card. It uses an address called MAC (Media Access Control) address, which used as the physical address of the system.It is 48 bit size.
• Connectors :- The connectors used in networking BNC (British Navel Connectors), RJ45 (Registered Jack) connector etc.
• Connecting wires :- Coaxial cables, UTP (Unshielded twisted pair), STP (Shielded twisted pair), Fiber optics etc.
• Connecting devices :- These are the devices which are used to connect more computers in a network, connect between two LANs etc. Some devices are Repeaters, Hubs, Switch, Bridge, Routers etc.
• Topology :- It is the physical arrangement of computers in a network. These are classifieds into Bus, Ring, Star, Hybrid etc.
• Protocol :- The rules and regulations for a networking is known as Protocols. Usually used networking protocol is TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol).